林肯小传 本文简介：
1林肯小传LincolnPortrait?AmericanscelebratePresidentsDayeachyearonthethirdMondayofFebruary.Buttheydidnotalwaysdoso.Theyusedtoobservethebirthdaysoftwoofth
林肯小传 本文内容：
1
林肯小传
Lincoln
Portrait
?
Americans
celebrate
Presidents"
Day
each
year
on
the
third
Monday
of
February.
But
they
did
not
always
do
so.
They
used
to
observe
the
birthdays
of
two
of
the
greatest
American
presidents,
George
Washington
and
Abraham
Lincoln.
Both
men
were
born
in
the
month
of
February.
Abraham
Lincoln"s
birthday
is
February
twelfth.
George
Washington"s
is
February
twenty-second.
In
Nineteen-Seventy-One,
Congress
approved
a
law
that
affected
some
national
holidays.
It
changed
the
official
celebration
of
the
holiday
to
the
Monday
closest
to
the
real
date.
The
birthdays
of
the
two
Presidents
were
celebrated
on
one
day
--
the
third
Monday
in
February.
Later,
Congress
said
the
holiday
would
honor
all
American
presidents.
VOICE
TWO:
Abraham
Lincoln
was
the
sixteenth
American
president.
He
is
considered
one
of
the
greatest
leaders
of
all
time.
Abraham
Lincoln
was
born
in
Kentucky
in
Eighteen-Oh-Nine.
He
grew
up
in
Illinois.
His
family
was
poor
and
had
no
education.
Abraham
Lincoln
taught
himself
what
he
needed
to
know.
He
became
a
lawyer.
He
served
in
the
1)Illinois
state
2)legislature
and
in
the
United
States
Congress.
In
Eighteen-Sixty,
he
was
elected
to
the
country"s
highest
office.
VOICE
ONE:
President
Lincoln
led
the
United
States
during
the
Civil
War
between
the
northern
and
southern
states.
This
was
the
most
serious
crisis
in
American
history.
President
Lincoln
helped
end
slavery
in
the
nation.
And
he
helped
keep
the
American
union
from
splitting
apart
during
the
war.
President
Lincoln
believed
that
he
proved
to
the
world
that
democracy
can
be
a
lasting
form
of
government.
VOICE
TWO:
In
Eighteen-Sixty-Three,
President
Lincoln
gave
what
became
his
most
famous
speech.
Union
armies
of
the
north
had
won
two
great
victories
that
year.
They
defeated
the
Confederate
armies
of
the
south
at
Vicksburg,
Mississippi
and
at
Gettysburg,
Pennsylvania.
Ceremonies
were
held
to
honor
the
dead
soldiers
at
a
burial
place
on
the
Gettysburg
battlefield.
President
Lincoln
spoke
at
Gettysburg
for
only
about
two
minutes.
But
his
speech
has
never
been
forgotten.
Historians
say
the
speech
defined
Americans
as
a
people
who
believed
in
freedom,
democracy
and
equality.
Abraham
Lincoln
wrote
some
of
the
most
memorable
words
in
American
history.
He
was
murdered
a
few
days
after
the
Civil
War
ended,
in
Eighteen-Sixty-Five.
Yet
his
words
live
on.
VOICE
ONE:
In
Nineteen-Forty-Two,
3)orchestra
conductor
Andre
Kostelanitz
asked
composer
Aaron
Copland
to
write
a
piece
of
music
about
Abraham
Lincoln.
Copland
was
one
of
the
best
modern
American
composers.
He
wrote
many
kinds
of
music.
His
music
told
stories
about
the
United
States.
Aaron
Copland
wrote
"Lincoln
Portrait"
to
honor
the
president.
Copland"s
music
included
parts
of
American
folk
songs
and
songs
popular
during
the
Civil
War.
Here
is
the
Seattle
4)Symphony
playing
part
of
"Lincoln
Portrait."
(TAPE
CUT
ONE:
LINCOLN
PORTRAIT)
VOICE
TWO:
Aaron
Copland
added
words
from
President
Lincoln"s
speeches
and
letters
to
his
"Lincoln
Portrait."
It
has
been
performed
many
times
in
the
United
States.
Many
famous
people
have
read
the
words.
To
celebrate
Presidents"
Day,
here
is
actor
James
Earl
Jones
reading
part
of
Aaron
Copland"s
"Lincoln
Portrait."
(TAPE
CUT
TWO:
JAMES
EARL
JONES,
LINCOLN
PORTRAIT:)?????
"Fellow
citizens,
we
cannot
escape
history."
That
is
what
he
said,
That
is
what
Abraham
Lincoln
said:
"Fellow
citizens,
we
cannot
escape
history.
We
of
this
Congress
and
this
administration
will
be
remembered
in
spite
of
ourselves.
No
personal
significance
or
insignificance
can
spare
one
or
another
of
us.
The
5)fiery
(22)trial
through
which
we
pass
will
light
us
down
in
honor
or
(23)dishonor,
to
the
latest
generation.
We
-
even
we
here
-
hold
the
power
and
bear
the
responsibility"…
Lincoln
was
a
quiet
man.
Abe
Lincoln
was
a
quiet
and
melancholy
man.
But,
when
he
spoke
of
6)Democracy,
this
is
what
he
said:
He
said:
"As
I
would
not
be
a
slave,
so
I
would
not
be
a
master.
This
expresses
my
idea
of
Democracy.
Whatever
differs
from
this,
to
the
extent
of
the
difference,
is
no
democracy."
Abraham
Lincoln,
sixteenth
President
of
these
United
States,
is
(24)everlasting
in
the
memory
of
his
countrymen,
for
on
the
battleground
at
Gettysburg
this
is
what
he
said:
He
said:
"that
from
these
honored
dead
we
take
increased
(25)devotion
to
that
cause
for
which
they
gave
the
last
full
measure
of
devotion:
that
we
here
highly
resolve
that
these
dead
shall
not
have
died
in
vain;
and
that
this
nation
under
God,
shall
have
a
new
birth
of
freedom;
and
that
government
of
the
people,
by
the
people,
and
for
the
people,
shall
not
perish
from
the
earth."
VOICE
ONE:
This
program
was
written
by
Shelley
Gollust.
It
was
produced
by
Lawan
Davis.
I"m
Shirley
Griffith.
(LINCOLN
PORTRAIT
INSTEAD
OF
CLOSING
THEME)
VOICE
TWO:
And
I"m
Rich
Kleinfeldt.
Join
us
again
next
week
for
another
report
about
life
in
the
United
States
on
the
VOA
Special
English
program,
THIS
IS
AMERICA.
?
注释：
1)
Illinois?
n.
伊利诺斯州
(美国州名)
2)
legislaturen.
立法机关，立法机构
3)
orchestra]
n.
管弦乐队，乐队演奏处
4)
symphony
n.
交响乐，交响曲
5)
fiery?
adj.
火的，火焰的，炽热的，热烈的，暴躁的，眼睛炯炯有神的
6)
democracy
n.
民主政治，民主主义
?
2
迈克尔
乔丹
Michael
Jordan
?
Ten
years
ago,
Michael
Jordan
retired
from
the
Chicago
Bulls.
At
the
time,
he
said
he
might
consider
returning
to
basketball
one
day.
Michael
Jordan
did
return
to
the
game--not
once,
but
twice.
Last
month,
he
retired
for
the
third
time.
Shep
O-Neal
reports.
ANNCR:
Michael
Jordan
is
widely
considered
basketball’s
best
player
ever.
He
became
known
as
Air
Jordan.
He
seemed
to
fly
through
the
air
with
the
ball.
He
also
gained
wide
notice
by
helping
to
sell
products.
Businesses
paid
him
tens
of
millions
of
dollars.
Michael
Jordan
attended
the
University
of
1)North
Carolina.
He
joined
the
Chicago
Bulls
in
nineteen-eighty-four.
He
led
the
Bulls
to
six
world
championships
during
his
thirteen
years
with
the
team.
Michael
Jordan
first
retired
from
the
Bulls
in
nineteen-ninety-three.
He
played
baseball
for
a
short
time,
but
returned
to
the
team
in
nineteen-ninety-four.
He
retired
again
five
years
later.
He
said
it
was
time
to
do
something
else.
But
he
could
not
end
his
relationship
with
basketball.
Michael
Jordan
became
president
of
operations
for
the
Washington
Wizards,
the
team
in
the
nation’s
capital.
But
the
Wizards
were
not
a
very
good
team.
So
Michael
Jordan
decided
to
help
by
playing
again.
His
2)involvement
as
a
player
brought
more
people
to
watch
the
games.
But
the
Wizards
did
not
reach
the
3)playoffs
in
the
two
years
that
Michael
Jordan
played
with
them.
He
plans
to
continue
as
president
of
basketball
operations
for
the
Wizards.
He
says
his
experience
playing
with
the
team
will
help
him
in
that
job.
For
example,
he
is
in
a
better
position
to
decide
who
should
play
on
the
team
in
the
future.
Michael
Jordan
is
forty
years
old
now.
He
says
it
was
fun
to
be
around
the
young
players.
He
says
playing
again
helped
him
understand
how
the
game
has
changed.
?
注释：
1)
North
Carolina]
n.
美国北卡罗来纳州
2)
Involvement
n.
连累，包含
3)
playoff?
(双方得分相等时的)
最后决赛
?
?
3
比尔
克林顿
?
Bill
Clinton
?
VOICE
ONE:
This
is
Mary
Tillotson.
VOICE
TWO:
And
this
is
Steve
Ember
with
THE
MAKING
OF
A
NATION,
a
VOA
Special
English
program
about
the
history
of
the
United
States.
Today
we
continue
telling
about
America’s
forty-second
president,
Bill
Clinton.
He
became
only
the
second
American
president
to
be
charged
and
tried
for
wrongdoing
by
Congress.
VOICE
ONE:
For
years,
critics
of
Bill
Clinton
had
accused
him
of
financial
wrongdoing
before
he
became
president.
Some
critics
also
accused
his
wife,
Hillary
Rodham
Clinton.
The
Clintons
denied
any
dishonest
actions.
However,
unconfirmed
reports
repeatedly
said
that
they
were
involved
in
illegal
business
activities
in
Arkansas
during
the
nineteen-eighties.
In
January
of
nineteen-ninety-four,
the
president
asked
Attorney
General
Janet
Reno
to
appoint
an
independent
lawyer
to
lead
an
investigation.
Mizz
Reno
named
a
Republican
lawyer.
However,
some
people
said
this
man
was
too
friendly
to
the
Clinton
administration.
He
was
replaced
by
Kenneth
Starr,
also
a
Republican.
VOICE
TWO:
Congress
also
investigated
the
president
during
his
two
terms
in
office.
For
example,
the
Senate
Judiciary
Committee
began
an
investigation
in
nineteen-ninety-five.
The
majority
of
Judiciary
Committee
members
reported
that
the
evidence
did
not
show
Mister
Clinton
responsible
for
a
crime.
But
the
majority
belonged
to
his
political
party,
the
Democrats.
1)Suspicion
of
the
president
continued.
The
main
cause
of
the
suspicion
developed
from
a
financial
investment
made
years
earlier.
Bill
and
Hillary
Clinton
had
bought
land
in
Arkansas
in
nineteen-seventy-eight.
The
Clintons
formed
the
Whitewater
Development
Corporation
with
Susan
and
James
McDougal.
The
goal
was
to
sell
holiday
homes
on
a
river.
However,
the
company
did
poorly.
VOICE
ONE:
James
McDougal
also
owned
a
loan
company.
Hillary
Clinton,
a
lawyer,
did
legal
work
for
this
company.
The
company
failed
during
the
nineteen-eighties.
James
McDougal
and
Susan
McDougal
were
found
guilty
of
wrongdoing
in
connection
with
the
loan
company.
Bill
and
Hillary
Clinton’s
business
connection
to
the
McDougals
in
the
Whitewater
Company
helped
make
the
Clintons
targets
of
suspicion.
VOICE
TWO:
A
former
judge
also
became
linked
to
legal
questions
about
the
Whitewater
Corporation.
David
Hale
owned
a
savings
and
loan
company
that
received
public
money.
In
nineteen-ninety-six,
Mister
Hale
said
Bill
Clinton
had
pressured
him
to
loan
money
to
Susan
McDougal
about
eleven
years
earlier.
The
Whitewater
Development
Corporation
received
some
of
that
money.
Mister
Clinton
was
governor
of
Arkansas
at
the
time.
So
such
an
action
would
have
been
illegal.
Bill
Clinton
denied
the
2)accusation.
(MUSIC)
VOICE
ONE:
Investigators
asked
Missus
Clinton
several
times
for
records
of
her
legal
work
for
James
McDougal
during
the
nineteen-eighties.
Officials
wanted
to
know
how
much
time
she
had
spent
on
legal
advice
for
his
loan
company.
She
said
she
could
not
find
the
records.
Then,
in
January
of
nineteen-ninety-six,
the
records
appeared
in
the
White
House.
Missus
Clinton
could
not
explain
their
presence.
Bill
and
Hillary
Clinton
continued
to
deny
wrongdoing.
Some
Americans
did
not
believe
them.
Others,
however,
said
Kenneth
Starr
was
wasting
millions
of
dollars
on
his
investigation.
They
said
Mister
Starr
was
acting
against
the
president
for
political
reasons.
Media
reports
said
Mister
Starr
had
offered
shorter
prison
sentences
to
David
Hale
and
others
involved
with
Whitewater
if
they
cooperated
with
his
investigation.
Defenders
of
the
president
said
this
meant
these
people
had
good
reason
to
lie.
Investigators
said
such
offers
are
common.
Other
media
reports
said
David
Hale
had
received
large
amounts
of
money
from
a
conservative
organization
that
had
strongly
criticized
Mister
Clinton.
(MUSIC)
VOICE
TWO:
The
president
was
threatened
with
removal
from
office
after
a
sexual
relationship
with
a
young
woman
became
public.
It
started
when
a
former
Arkansas
state
employee
named
Paula
Corbin
Jones
took
legal
action
against
President
Clinton
in
nineteen-ninety-four.
She
charged
that
he
had
asked
her
for
sex
while
he
was
governor
of
Arkansas.
A
federal
judge
dismissed
her
case
for
lack
of
evidence.
But
Missus
Jones
3)appealed
the
case.
Her
lawyers
wanted
to
prove
that
Mister
Clinton
had
had
sex
with
several
female
workers.
They
suspected
these
included
a
young
woman,
Monica
Lewinsky,
who
had
worked
as
a
White
House
assistant.
They
believed
Mizz
Lewinsky
had
sexual
relations
with
President
Clinton
between
nineteen-ninety-five
and
nineteen-ninety-seven.
VOICE
ONE
:
Kenneth
Starr
was
still
investigating
the
Whitewater
case
early
in
nineteen-ninety-eight.
He
received
permission
to
include
Mizz
Lewinsky
in
his
investigation.
A
former
friend
of
Mizz
Lewinsky
had
given
Mister
Starr
tape
recordings
of
her
telephone
calls
with
the
young
woman.
On
the
recordings,
Monica
Lewinsky
talked
about
her
relationship
with
the
president.
Earlier,
Mizz
Lewinsky
and
Mister
Clinton
had
separately
answered
questions
from
lawyers
representing
Paula
Jones.
Both
Mister
Clinton
and
Mizz
Lewinsky
denied
having
a
sexual
relationship.
In
January
of
nineteen-ninety-eight,
Mister
Clinton
also
denied
publicly
that
he
had
a
sexual
relationship
with
Mizz
Lewinsky.
VOICE
TWO:
Six
months
later,
Mister
Clinton
agreed
to
answer
questions
before
a
federal
investigating
jury.
He
told
the
grand
jury
about
his
relationship
with
Mizz
Lewinsky.
This
meant
he
had
lied
during
earlier
official
questioning.
That
night,
the
president
admitted
on
national
television
that
he
had
had
a
relationship
with
Monica
Lewinsky
that
was
wrong.
He
told
the
nation
his
actions
were
a
personal
failure.
But
he
denied
trying
to
get
her
to
lie
about
the
relationship.
Kenneth
Starr
sent
his
final
report
to
the
House
of
Representatives.
The
report
suggested
that
Mister
Clinton
may
have
committed
impeachable
crimes
in
trying
to
hide
his
relationship
with
the
young
woman.
VOICE
ONE:
In
December,
the
House
of
Representatives
impeached
President
William
Jefferson
Clinton.
This
meant
the
Senate
would
hold
a
trial
and
decide
if
he
was
guilty.
If
found
guilty,
Mister
Clinton
would
be
removed
from
office,
as
required
by
the
Constitution.
Only
one
other
president
had
ever
been
4)impeached.
In
eighteen-sixty-eight,
the
House
of
Representatives
had
brought
charges
against
President
Andrew
Johnson.
The
Senate
had
failed
by
one
vote
to
remove
him
from
office.
VOICE
TWO:
The
House
of
Representatives
approved
two
charges
against
President
Clinton
to
send
to
the
Senate.
One
charge
accused
him
of
lying
during
the
official
investigation
of
his
relationship
with
Mizz
Lewinsky.
The
other
accused
him
of
trying
to
hide
evidence.
Mister
Clinton
still
had
two
years
left
to
serve
as
president.
Opinion
studies
showed
the
American
public
wanted
him
to
finish
his
term.
Two-thirds
of
the
people
asked
said
they
opposed
removing
him
from
office.
VOICE
ONE:
The
Senate
decided
Mister
Clinton’s
future
in
February
of
nineteen-ninety-nine.
The
one-hundred
senators
held
a
trial
to
consider
the
charges
and
decide
if
Mister
Clinton
should
be
removed
from
office.
The
trial
required
sixty-seven
votes
for
a
judgment
of
guilt
on
each
charge.
The
Senators
voted
Mister
Clinton
not
guilty
on
one
charge.
They
evenly
divided
their
votes
on
the
other
charge.
Bill
Clinton
remained
president
of
the
United
States.
But
the
forty-second
president
had
hoped
to
be
remembered
for
his
leadership
and
the
progress
made
during
his
administration.
Instead,
many
people
said
he
will
be
remembered
for
the
charges
against
him.
In
October,
nineteen-ninety-nine,
Kenneth
Starr
resigned
as
the
independent
investigator.
An
assistant,
Robert
Ray,
completed
a
final
report
on
the
Whitewater
investigation.
He
issued
his
report
in
September,
two-thousand.
No
charges
were
brought
against
the
Clintons.
The
report
said
there
was
not
enough
evidence
to
prove
any
wrongdoing
by
President
or
Missus
Clinton.
Political
experts
disagree
about
what
place
in
history
William
Jefferson
Clinton
will
occupy.
But
the
experts
agree
that
Mister
Clinton’s
influence
on
the
United
States
will
be
debated
for
many
years
to
come.
VOICE
TWO:
This
program
of
THE
MAKING
OF
A
NATION
was
written
by
Jerilyn
Watson
and
produced
by
George
Grow.
This
is
Steve
Ember.
VOICE
ONE:
And
this
is
Mary
Tillotson.
Join
us
again
next
week
for
another
VOA
Special
English
program
about
the
history
of
the
United
States.
?
注释：
1)
suspicion
[s[s5pIF[n]
n.
猜疑，怀疑
2)
accusation
[Akju(:)5zeIF[n]
n.
谴责，指控
3)
appeal
[[5pi:l]
vt.
控诉
4)
impeach
[Im5pi:tF]
vt.
控告，弹劾
?
?
?
?
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