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英语句子划分成分

来源:建材加盟网 | 时间:2017-05-01 15:30:26 | 移动端:英语句子划分成分

篇一:英语句子成份划分(完整版)

Different parts of a sentence

概念

句子是由词按照一定的语法结构组成的。组成句子的各个部分叫做句子的成分。句子的成分包括:主语、谓语、表语、宾语(直接和间接宾语)、宾语补足语、定语和状语。主语和谓语是句子的主体部分(在英语中,一般句子必须有主语和谓语),表语、宾语和宾语的补足语是谓语里的组成部分。其他成份如定语和状语是句子的次要成分。

▲句子成分分类

1.主语

主语是谓语讲述的对象,表示所说的“是什么”或“是谁”。一般由名词、代词、不定代词或相当于名词的单词或短语来充当,也有从句充当的现象。大多数主语都在句首。如: 讲述“谁”

讲述“什么”

The classroom is very big.

1).名词作主语。 如:A tree has fallen across the road. (一棵树倒下横在路上。)

2).代词用作主语。如:You’re not far wrong. (你差不多对了)。

3).数词用作主语。如:Three is enough. 三个就够了。

4).名词化的形容词用作主语。

The idle are forced to work. 懒汉被迫劳动。

Old and young marched side by side. 老少并肩而行。

5).副词用作主语。如:Now is the time. 现在是时候了。 Carefully does it. 小心就行。

6).名词化的介词作主语。如:The ups and downs of life must be taken as they come. 我们必须承受人生之沉浮。

7).不定式用作主语。 To find your way can be a problem.你能否找到路可能是一个问题。 It would be nice to see him again. 如能见到他,那将是一件愉快的事。

8). 动名词用作主语。如:Smoking is bad for you. 吸烟对你有害。

Watching a film is pleasure, making one is hard work. 看电影是乐事, 制作影片则是苦事。

9). 名词化的过去分词用作主语。如:The disabled are to receive more money. 残疾人将得到更多的救济金。

10). 介词短语用作主语。如:To Beijing is not very far. 到北京不很远。

11).从句用作主语。如: Whenever you are ready will be fine. 你无论什么时候准备好都行。 Because Sally wants to leave doesn’t mean that we have to. 不能说萨利要走因而我们也得走。

12).句子用作主语。如:”How do you do ?” is a greeting.“你好”是一句问候语。

▲ 在“There be …”句型中,主语的位置在中间。如: ▲ 在个别句型中,主语在整个句子后面,这时前面用it作形式主语。如:

.

2.谓语

谓语时用来说明主语“做什么”、“是什么”或“怎么样”,谓语一般是动词或动词短语(助动词或情态动词+主要动词),谓语和主语在“人称”和“数”两方面必须一致。如:

(1). What happened? 发生了什么事?

(2). He worked hard all day today. 他今天苦干了一天。

(3). The plane took off at ten o’clock. 飞机是十点起飞的。

(4). I am reading. 我在看书。

(5). What’s been keeping you all this time? 这半天你在干什么来着?

(6). You can do it if you try hard. 你努力就可以做到。

▲英语常用某些动作名词代替表动态的谓语动词,表生动。这种动作名词之前常用没有多大意义的动词have, get, take, give 等。如: (1). I had a swim yesterday. 我昨天游了一次水(had a swim 代替了swam)

(2). Take a look at that! 你看看那个!(take a look 代替了 look)

(3). He gave a sigh. 他叹了口气。(gave a sigh 代替了sighed)

(4). I got a good shake-up.我受到了很大的震动。(a good shake-up 代替了was shaken up thoroughly(充分,彻底的))

3.宾语

宾语是动作、行为的对象(动作的承受者),因此一般皆置于及物动词之后,由名词、代词、不定式、或相当于名词的词或短语或从句来充当,它和谓语动词一起说明主语是什么,有时,会有双宾语。如:

1)名词作宾语2)代词做宾语3)不定式作宾语4)动名词作宾语5)从句做宾语▲直接宾语和间接宾语

及物动词作谓语时,后面要跟宾语,宾语分直接宾语和间接宾语。直接宾语是及物动词的对象,一般指动作的承受者。但有些动词除了直接宾语外,还需要有一个间接宾语,间接宾语表语动作是对谁做的,所以只能用名词或代词来充当。具有这种双宾语的及物动词叫做与格动词(dative verb), 常用的有:

等。 主谓 间宾 直宾

间接宾语可以放在直接宾语后面,但必须加to 或 for。

4.补语

补语是一种补足主语和宾语的意义的句子成分。补足主语意义的句子成分叫做主语补语,补足宾语意义的句子成分叫做宾语补语.

(1). 形容词用作主语补语是常置于主语之前,后有逗号。

Tired and sleepy, I went to bed. 我又累又困,就去睡了。

有时可以置于主语之后,前后都有逗号,与非限定性定语相似。如:

The man, cruel beyond belief, didn’t listen to their pleadings.

那人不可置疑地残酷,不听取他们的恳求。

(2)宾语的补足语

在英语的句子中有些句子里只有宾语并不能表达完整的意思,还必须在宾语后面加上宾语的补足语才能表达完整的意思。我们把“宾语+宾语补足语”合起来称为复合宾语。复合宾语所表达的意思相当于一个句子的意思。名词、动词、形容词、副词、介词短语、不定式、现在分词、过去分词都可以作宾语补足语.如:

1)名词作宾补 If you let me go, I’ll make you king.

2)形容词作宾补 Don’t make your hands dirty.

3)副词作宾补We found Li Ming out when we arrived.

4)介词短语作宾补 Make yourself at home.

5)省略to的不定式作宾补 I saw a girl go into the building.

6)带to的不定式作宾补The boy ordered the dog to lie down.

7)现在分词作宾补The boss kept them working all day.

8)过去分词作宾补 Yesterday he got his leg broken.

▲在英语中,常见的“宾语+宾语补足语”的结构有:

①“宾语+名词”。常用于改结构的动词有:call, name, make, find, choose, think, leave等。 We call him Jack.

They made Li Lei their monitor.

②“宾语+形容词”。常见的动词有think, believe, leave, drive, make, keep, turn, wish, want等。如:

Do you think his idea wrong?

We must keep our classroom clean.

③“宾语+副词”。副词作宾补常表示宾语的状态,与宾语有逻辑上的主表关系。常见的副词有:down, up, here, there, home, in, out, anywhere等。如:

Let him in/ out.

Mr. Li drove us home.

④“宾语+介词短语”。介词短语作宾补常表示其逻辑主语(即宾语)所处的状态,两者有主表的关系。如:

We found everything in good order.

We regard him as our good friend.

⑤“宾语+不定式”。充当宾补的不定式有三种:

A 要求带to的不定式

The cool water of the lake invited us to swim.

B 要求不带to 的不定式 let, make, see, hear, watch等

The boss made the workers work 12 hours a day.

I often hear him read English in his room.

C 单词help 后可加 to 或不加 to

She sometimes helps her mother (to) do housework.

⑥“宾语+现在分词”。现在分词作宾补,此时在该句型中的宾语即为现在分词逻辑上的主语,有着主谓关系。

I saw them playing on the playground.

I heard Mary singing in the classroom.

⑦“宾语+过去分词”。宾语和宾补之间是被动关系,过去分词表示被动和完成。

I had my bike stolen.

The teacher explained again and again to make himself understood.

⑧形式宾语+形容词

We found it impossible to get there before Saturday.

⑨宾语+what 从句

Call me what you like.

Mr. Li has made the factory what it is today.

5.表语

表语说明主语“是什么”或“怎么样”,表述主语的特征、状态、身份等。它也可以说是一种主语补语。它的位置在系动词后面,与之构成所谓的系表结构。由名词、形容词、介词、副词、不定式及相当于名词的词或短语来充当。

1)形容词作表语 2)名词作表语

3)副词作表语 4)介词短语作表语 5)不定式作表语 6)动名词作表语Complimenting(赞美,祝贺) is lying.

▲补充:

能做系动词的实义动词:

come , go , run, turn ,get , become , keep , stay , make (表变化的动词)

fell,sound ,smell , look , taste (感观动词)

seem, appear (似乎,好像)

例如:

1.Our dream has come true. 我的梦想实现了。(Come后常加 easy ,loose natural 等)

2. He fell sick. 他病了。 Keep fit.保重。

Keep作为系动词还常接quiet ,calm ,cool, well, warm ,silent,clean,dry

3.The well ran dry. 这口井干枯了。(short , loose , wild , cold 等)

4.A thin person always seems to be taller than he really is.

一个瘦个子似乎比他的实际高度要高些。

6.定语

形容词、代词、数词、名词、介词短语、不定式或相当于形容词的词或短语等都可以充当定语。因为它是修饰名词或代词的,而名词和代词可以作主语、表语或宾语,所以定语的位置很灵活,凡是有名词、代词的地方都可以有定语。如:

1)形容词作定语 2)代词作定语 What’3)名词作定语 4)介词短语作定语 5)从句作定语6)数词作定语There’s only one way to do it.

基数词用作后置定语: page 24 ,Room 201 ,the year 1949

7) 副词充当定语时常后置

the room above 楼上的房间 the world today 今日世界

8)不定式用作定语

Her promise to write was forgotten.她忘记了答应写信的事。

9)动名词用作定语.

A walking stick 拐杖 learning method 学习方法

10)分词充当定语

a sleeping child 正在睡中的小孩 a drinking man 嗜酒者

11)介词短语用作定语。

This is a map of China. 这是一幅中国地图。

篇二:英语句子成分的划分及练习

句子成分(Members of a Sentence)

什么叫句子成分呢?句子的组成成分叫句子成分。在句子中,词与词之间有一定的组合关系,按照不同的关系,可以把句子分为不同的组成成分。句子成分由词或词组充当。现代汉语里一般的句子成分有六种,即主语、谓语、宾语、定语、状语和补语。英语的基本成分有七种:主语(subject)、谓语(predicate)、表语(predicative)、宾语(object)、定语(attribute)、状语(adverbial) 和补语(complement)。

句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的,表达一个完整的意义。一个句子一般由两部分构成,即主语部分和谓语部分,这两部分也叫做句子的主要成分。句子的次要成分包括宾语,定语,状语,表语等。句子成分是句子中起一定功用的组成部分。

谓语:

(1)由“不及物动词”、“及物动词+宾语”或“系动词+表语”等构成,说明主语所表示的人物“干什么”或“怎么样”。如:

He travelled in space for the first time.(他首次在太空旅行。) / Who teaches you English this year?(今年谁教你们的英语?) / The pizza has gone bad. (那块烤馅饼已经变坏。) /

(2)谓语动词必须反映出人称、单复数、时态等信息,谓语动词往往由下列词语依序排列构成:[情态动词]+[时态助动词]+[语态助动词]+[主要动词](不一定全部出现)。(见动词的时态和语态构成表) 记住:谓语部分第一个动词往往是变形动词。如:

I am sorry I am making so much noise but I have to. (对不起我发出了太大的声音但是只能这样。) / He can’t have finished reading the 800-page-long novel. (他不可能读完了那本长达800页的小说。) / Something must be done to stop the fowl flu from spreading out. (该采取措施防止

禽流感蔓延。)

(3)谓语动词切忌用“行为动词1 + 原形动词”、“be + 原形动词”。

记住使用下列正确形式:

①情态动词+原形动词。如:You’d better go over the lesson.(你最好复习这一课。)

②shall/ will/ would+原形动词。如:They should have been there once.(他们应该去过那儿。) ③be+现在分词或者过去分词。如:What are you doing this evening?(今晚你打算做什么?)/ Many trees have been cut down since 1970s.(自从20世纪70年代大批树木被砍伐。) ④have+过去分词。如:Many trees have been cut down since 1970s.(意思同上)

⑤一般时问句和否定句中:do/does/did+原形动词。如:He does not enjoy himself very much.(他日子过的不好。)/ Did any of you see dinosaur eggs?(你们当中有谁见过恐龙蛋吗?) ⑥行为动词1+行为动词2 (不定式、动名词、现在分词、过去分词等形式)。如:He made up his mind to be a vet.(他拿定主意要做个兽医。)/ Feeling good about yourself is essential to feeling good about life.(自尊自爱是享受生活的根本。)/ They wake up the other family members, calling,“Merry Christmas!”(他们叫醒家庭的其他成员,呼喊着:圣诞快乐!)/ The kings of ancient Egypt had strong tombs built for themselves.(古代的埃及国王让人给他们自己修建坚固的坟墓。)

(4)不可用形容词、名词、代词、副词、介词短语等独立作谓语,必须在此之前加连系动词。

(5)谓语动词单复数形式:单数形式的动词有:is,was,has,does以及“动词+s”;复数形式的动词有:are,were,have以及动词原形。其他动词不分单、复数。

英语句子的基本结构可以归纳成五种基本句型及其扩大、组合、省略或倒装。掌握这五种基本句型,是掌握各种英语句子结构的基础。

英语五种基本句型列式如下:

一: S V (主+谓)

二: S V P (主+系+表)

三: S V O (主+谓+宾)

四: S V o O (主+谓+间宾+直宾)

五: S V O C (主+谓+宾+宾补)

基本句型 一:S V (主+谓)

主语:可以作主语的成分有名词(如boy),主格代词(如you),动词不定式,动名词等。主语一般在句首。注意名词单数形式常和冠词不分家!

谓语:谓语由动词构成,是英语时态、语态变化的主角,一般在主语之后。不及物动词(vi.)没有宾语,形成主谓结构,如:We come.

此句型的句子有一个共同特点,即句子的谓语动词都能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做不及物动词,后面可以跟副词、介词短语、状语从句等。

S │ V (不及物动词)

1. The sun │was shining. 太阳在照耀着。

2. The moon │rose. 月亮升起了。

3. The universe │remains.宇宙长存。

4. We all │breathe, eat, and drink. 我们大家都呼吸、吃和喝。

5. Who │cares? 管它呢?

6. What he said │does not matter.他所讲的没有什么关系。

7. They │talked for half an hour. 他们谈了半个小时。

8. The pen │writes smoothly 这支笔书写流利。

基本句型 二: S V P (主+系+表)

此句型的句子有一个共同的特点:句子谓语动词都不能表达一个完整的意思,必须加上一个表明主语身份或状态的表语构成复合谓语,才能表达完整的意思。这类动词叫做连系动词。系动词分两类:be, look, keep, seem等属一类,表示情况;get, grow, become, turn等属另一类,表示变化。be 本身没有什么意义,只起连系主语和表语的作用。其它系动词仍保持其部分词义。感官动词多可用作联系动词:look well/面色好,sound nice/听起来不错,feel good/感觉好,smell bad/难闻 S │V(是系动词)│ P

1. This │is │an English-Chinese dictionary. 这是本英汉辞典。

2. The dinner │smells │good. 午餐的气味很好。

3. He │fell │in love. 他堕入了情网。

4. Everything │looks │different. 一切看来都不同了。

5. He │is growing │tall and strong.他长得又高又壮

6. The trouble│is │that they are short of money. 麻烦的是他们缺少钱。

7. Our well │has gone │dry.我们井干枯了。

8. His face │turned │red. 他的脸红了。

There be 结构: There be 表示‘存在有’。这里的there没有实际意义,不可与副词‘there那里’混淆。

此结构后跟名词,表示‘(存在)有某事物’

试比较:There is a boy there.(那儿有一个男孩。)/前一个there无实意,后一个there为副词‘那里’。

基本句型 三: S V O (主+谓+宾)

此句型句子的共同特点是:谓语动词都具有实义,都是主语产生的动作,但不能表达完整的意思,必须跟有一个宾语,即动作的承受者,才能使意思完整。这类动词叫做及物动词。宾语位于及物动词之后,一般同主语构成一样,不同的是构成宾语的代词必须是‘代词宾格’,如:me,him,them等

S │V(及物动词)│ O

1. Who │knows │the answer? 谁知道答案?

2. She │smiled │her thanks. 她微笑表示感谢。

3. He │has refused │to help them. 他拒绝帮他们。

4. He │enjoys │reading. 他喜欢看书。

5. They │ate │what was left over. 他们吃了剩饭。

6. He │said │"Good morning." 他说:"早上好!"

7. I │want │to have a cup of tea. 我想喝杯茶。

8. He │admits │that he was mistaken. 他承认犯了错误。

基本句型 四: S V o O (主+谓+间宾+直宾)

有些及物动词可以有两个宾语,如:give给,pass递,bring带,show显示。这两个宾语通常一个指人,为间接宾语;一个指物,为直接宾语。间接宾语一般位于直接宾语之前。 一般的顺序为:动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语。如:Give me a cup of tea,please.

强调间接宾语顺序为:动词 + 直接宾语 +介词+ 间接宾语。如:

Show this house to Mr.Smith.

若直接宾语为人称代词:动词+ 代词直接宾语 +介词+ 间接宾语。如:Bring it to me,please.S │V(及物)│ o(多指人) │ O(多指物)

1. She │ordered │herself │a new dress. 她给自己定了一套新衣裳。

2. She │cooked │her husband │a delicious meal. 她给丈夫煮了一顿美餐。

3. He │brought │you │a dictionary. 他给你带来了一本字典。

4. He │denies │her │nothing. 他对她什么都不拒绝。

5. I │showed │him │my pictures. 我给他看我的照片

6. I │gave │my car │a wash. 我洗了我的汽车。

7. I │told │him │that the bus was late. 我告诉他汽车晚点了。

8. He │showed │me │how to run the machine. 他教我开机器。

基本句型 五: S V O C (主+谓+宾+宾补)

此句型的句子的共同特点是:动词虽然是及物动词,但是只跟一个宾语还不能表达完整的意思,必须加上一个补充成分来补足宾语,才能使意思完整。

宾语补足语:位于宾语之后对宾语作出说明的成分。宾语与其补足语有逻辑上的主谓关系,它们一起构成复合宾语。

名词/代词宾格 + 名词

The war made him a soldier./战争使他成为一名战士.

名词/代词宾格 + 形容词

New methods make the job easy./新方法使这项工作变得轻松.

名词/代词宾格 + 介词短语

I often find him at work./我经常发现他在工作.

名词/代词宾格 + 动词不定式

The teacher ask the students to close the windows./老师让学生们关上窗户.

名词/代词宾格 + 分词

I saw a cat running across the road./我看见一只猫跑过了马路.

S │V(及物)│ O(宾语) │ C(宾补)

1. They │appointed │him │manager. 他们任命他当经理。

2. They │painted │the door │green. 他们把门漆成绿色

3. This │set │them │thinking. 这使得他们要细想一想。

4. They │found │the house │deserted. 他们发现那房子无人居住。

5. What │makes │him │think so? 他怎么会这样想?

6. We │saw │him │out. 我们送他出去

7. He │asked │me │to come back soon. 他要我早点回来。

8. I │saw │them │getting on the bus. 我看见他们上了那辆公共汽车。

但常用的英语句子并不都象基本句型这样简短,这些句子除了基本句型的成分不变外,通常是在这些成分的前面或后面增加一些修饰语(modifier)而加以扩大。这些修饰语可以是单词(主要是形容词、副词和数词),也可以是各种类型的短语(主要是介词短语、不定式短语和分词短语)。我们称之为:定语、状语

一、 定语:定语是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子,汉语中常用‘??的’表示。定语通常位于被修饰的成分前。若修饰some,any,every,no构成的复合不定代词时,(如:something、nothing);或不定式、分词短语作定语、从句作定语时,则定语通常置后。副词用作定语时须放在名词之后。

形容词作定语:

The little boy needs a blue pen.(little修饰名词boy;blue修饰名词pen.)/小男孩需要一支兰色的钢笔。 Tom is a handsome boy./Tom是个英俊的男孩。

There is a good boy./有个乖男孩。

数词作定语相当于形容词:

Two boys need two pens./两个男孩需要两支钢笔。

The two boys are students./这两个男孩是学生。

There are two boys in the room./房间里有两个男孩。

代词或名词所有格作定语:

His boy needs Tom\'s pen./他的男孩需要Tom的钢笔。

His name is Tom./他的名字是汤姆。

There are two boys of Toms there./那儿有Tom家的两个男孩。

介词短语作定语:

The boy in the classroom needs a pen of yours./教室里的男孩需要你的一支钢笔。

The boy in blue is Tom./穿兰色衣服的孩子是汤姆。

There are two boys of 9,and three of 10./有两个9岁的,三个10岁的男孩。

名词作定语:

The boy needs a ball pen./男孩需要一支圆珠笔。

It is a ball pen./这是一支圆珠笔。

There is only one ball pen in the pencil box./这铅笔盒里只有一支圆珠笔。

副词作定语:

The boy there needs a pen./那儿的男孩需要一支钢笔。

The best boy here is Tom./这里最棒的男孩是Tom。

不定式作定语:

The boy to write this letter needs a pen./写这封信的男孩需要一支钢笔。

The boy to write this letter is Tom./将要写这封信的男孩是汤姆。

There is nothing to do today./今天无事要做。

分词(短语)作定语:

The smiling boy needs a pen bought by his mother./那个微笑的男孩需要一支他妈妈买的钢笔。 The pen bought by her is made in China./她买的笔是中国产的。

There are five boys left./有五个留下的男孩。

定语从句:

The boy who is reading needs the pen which you bought yesterday./那个在阅读的男孩需要你昨天买的钢笔。

The boy you will know is Tom./你将认识的男孩叫汤姆。

There are five boys who will play the game./参加游戏的男孩有五个。

二、状语:状语修饰动词、形容词、副词或全句,说明方式、因果、条件、时间、地点、让步、方向、程度、目的等。

状语在句子中的位置很灵活,常见情况为:通常在句子基本结构之后,强调时放在句首;修饰形容词或副词时,通常位于被修饰的词之前;表示时间、地点、目的的状语一般位于句子两头,强调时放在句首,地点状语一般须在时间状语之前;一些表示不确定时间(如:often)或程度(如:almost)的副词状语通常位于be动词、助动词、情态动词之后,动词之前。

有时状语在句中的某个位置会引起歧义,应注意,如:The boy calls the girl in the classroom.一般理解成‘男孩喊教室里的女孩‘(此时in the classroom为girl的定语),也可以理解为‘男孩在教室里喊女孩’(此时in the classroom为地点状语),最好写作‘In the classroom,the boy calls the girl.\' 副词(短语)作状语:

The boy needs a pen very much./男孩非常需要一支钢笔。(程度状语)

The boy needs very much the pen bought by his mother./男孩非常需要他母亲买的那支钢笔。(宾语较长则状语前置)

The boy really needs a pen./男孩真的需要一支钢笔。(程度状语)

The boy needs a pen now./Now,the boy needs a pen./The boy,now,needs a pen./男孩现在需要一支钢笔。(时间状语)

介词短语作状语:In the classroom,the boy needs a pen./在教室里,男孩需要一支钢笔。(地点状语) Before his mother,Tom is always a boy./在母亲面前,汤姆总是一个男孩子.(条件状语)

On Sundays,there is no student in the classroom./星期天,教室里没有学生.(时间状语)

分词(短语)作状语:

He sits there,asking for a pen./他坐在那儿要一支笔。(表示伴随状态)

Having to finish his homework,the boy needs a pen./因为不得不完成作业,男孩需要一支笔。(原因状语)

Frightened,he sits there soundlessly./(因为)受了惊吓,他无声地坐在那儿。(原因状语)不定式作状语:

The boy needs a pen to do his homework./男孩需要一支笔写家庭作业。(目的状语)

To make his dream come true,Tom becomes very interested in business./为实现梦想,汤姆变得对商业很有兴趣.

名词作状语:

Come this way!/走这条路!(方向状语)

状语从句:

时间状语从句、地点状语从句、原因状语从句、结果状语从句、目的状语从句

、比较状语从句、让步状语从句、条件状语从句

篇三:初中英语划分句子成分习题

划分句子成分练习题(1)

1.They are working on the farm now. 2.Seeing is believing

3.All of us like Kobe Bryant very much 4.She became a doctor in 1998 5.The book lying on the floor are mine 6.Suddenly it begins to rain

7.To catch the train ,I got up early yesterday 8.I always find her happy

9.He wonders If I still study English

10.The letter which I received the day before yesterday was a friend mine

11.We always work hard at English. 12.He said he didn't come. 13.They love each other. 14.What did you bye?

15.She watched her daughter playing the piano. 16.your job today is to help the old. 17.Speaking doesn't mean doing.

18.Bye the time I got to the station,the train had left.

19.The children bought their parents a car for the 25th anniversary of their marriage. 20.It takes me an hour to get there.

正确 效率 整洁

of

答案:

1They(主语) are working(系表结构做谓语) on the farm(地点状语) now(时间状语). 2.Seeing(动词ing做主语)is(谓语) believing (宾语)

3.All of us(主语) like (谓语)Kobe Bryant (宾语)very much (程度副词状语) 4.She(主语) became(谓语) a doctor (宾语)in 1998 (时间状语) 5.The book(主语) lying on the floor(补语) are(谓语) mine (宾语) 6.Suddenly (状语)it(形式主语) began to rain (谓语)

7.To catch the train ,(目的状语)I(主语) got up (谓语)early yesterday (时间状语) 8.I(主语) always find(谓语) her (宾语)happy (状语)

9.He (主语)wonders (谓语)if I (条件句中的主语)still study(条件句中的谓语) English (条件句中的宾语)整个条件句做主干的宾语

10.The letter(主语) which I received the day before yesterday(定语从句) was(谓语) a friend of mine 1.Wealways work hard at English。 —————— —— —————— 主语 状语谓语 状语 状语

2.Hesaid he didn't come. —————— ————————— 主句主语主句谓语从句主语从句谓语 3.They love each other.

—— —— —————— 主 谓语 宾语

4.Whatdid youbye?—————— —— 宾助动词主谓

5.She watchedher daughter playing the piano.—————— —————— ————————— 主谓宾 宾语补足语 6.your job todayis to help the old.———— ——- —— ————————主 定语 系动词 表语 7.Speaking doesn't mean doing.———— —————— ——主 谓宾

8.Bye the time I got to the station,the trainhad left.

———————————————— ————— ————时间状语从句 主句主语主句谓语 9.The children bought their parents a car for the 25th anniversary of

—————— ——— —————— ——— —————————————主语 谓语 间接宾语 直接宾语状语 their marriage.

————————

10.It takesme an hour to get there.

—— ——— ————— —————— 形式主语谓语宾语真正主语

(一). 指出下列句中主语的中心词

正确 效率 整洁

(宾语)

划分句子成分练习题(2)

① The teacher with two of his students is walking into the classroom. ② There is an old man coming here. ③ The useful dictionary was given by my mother last year. ④ To do today's homework without the teacher's help is very difficult.

(二). 选出句中谓语的中心词 ① I don't like the picture on the wall. A. don't B. like C. picture D. wall ② The days get longer and longer when summer comes.

A. get B. longer C. days D. summer ③ Do you usually go to school by bus?

A. Do B. usually C. go D. bus ④ There will be a meeting at the library

this afternoon.

A. will be B. meeting C. the library D. afternoon ⑤ Did the twins have porridge for their breakfast?

A. Did B. twins C. have D. breakfast ⑥ Tom didn't do his homework yesterday.

A. Tom B. didn't C. do D. his homework ⑦ What I want to tell you is this. A. want B. to tell C. you D. is ⑧ We had better send for a doctor. A. We B. had C. send D. doctor ⑨ He is interested in music.

A. is B. interested C. in D. music ⑩ Whom did you give my book to? A. give B. did C. whom D. book

(三) 挑出下列句中的宾语

① My brother hasn't done his homework. A B C D ② People all over the world speak English.A BC D ③ You must pay good attention to your pronunciation. A B C D ④ How many new words did you learn last class?ABC D

⑤ Some of the students in the school want to go swimming, how about you?A B CD ⑥ The old man sitting at the gate said he was ill. ABC D ⑦ They made him monitor of the class.AB CD

正确 效率 整洁

⑧ Go across the bridge and you will find the museum on the left. A BC D ⑨ You will find it useful after you leave school. AB C D ⑩ They didn't know who "Father Christmas" really is.A B C D (四) 挑出下列句中的表语 ① The old man was feeling very tired. AB C D ② Why is he worried about Jim? A BC D ③ The leaves have turned yellow. AB C D ④ Soon They all became interested in the subject. A B CD ⑤ She was the first to learn about it.AB C D (五) 挑出下列句中的定语

① They use Mr. Mrs. with the family name. A B C D ② What is your given name? AB C D

③ On the third lap are Class 1 and Class 3.A BC D ④ I am afraid some people forgot to sweep the floor. A B CD ⑤ The man downstairs was trying to sleep. A B C D ⑥ I am waiting for the sound of the other shoe!A B C D (六) 挑出下列句中的宾语补足语

① She likes the children to read newspapers and books in the reading-room. B CD

② He asked her to take the boy out of school.A B CD

正确 效率 整洁

A

③ She found it difficult to do the work. A B CD ④ They call me Lily sometimes. A B CD ⑤ I saw Mr. Wang get on the bus.A B C D

⑥ Did you see Li Ming playing football on the playground just now? AB C D (七) 挑出下列句中的状语 ① There was a big smile on her face. A B C D ② Every night he heard the noise upstairs. A B C D ③ He began to learn English when he was eleven.A B C D ④ The man on the motorbike was travelling to fast.

A B CD ⑤ With the medicine box under her arm, Miss Li hurried off. A BC ⑥ She loves the library because she loves books. A B C D ⑦ I am afraid that if you've lost it, you must pay for it.A BC D ⑧ The students followed Uncle Wang to see the other machine. A BCD

(八) 划出句中的直接宾语和间接宾语 ① Please tell us a story.

② My father bought a new bike for me last week. ③ Mr. Li is going to teach us history next term. ④ Here is a pen. Give it to Tom. ⑤ Did he leave any message for me?

正确 效率 整洁

D


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